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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 118(6): 418-422, dic 2020. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1146110

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las alergias alimentarias afectan, mayoritariamente, a los niños en los primeros años de vida. Existen escasos datos epidemiológicos en nuestro país.Objetivos: Determinar los agentes causales, describir la prevalencia y características de los pacientes con alergia alimentaria en una población pediátrica argentina.Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo observacional, de corte transversal, de pacientes menores de 18 años. Resultados: Se incluyeron 321 pacientes; se confirmó alergia alimentaria en un 64 % (207) de los casos. El 53 % (109) presentó mecanismo mediado por inmunoglobulina E; el 68 % (140), alergia a las proteínas de la leche de vaca; el 20 % (41), alergia al huevo, y el 12 % (24), anafilaxia como manifestación clínica. La prevalencia global de alergia alimentaria fue del 0,87 % (IC 95 %: 0,7-0,9).Conclusiones: La prevalencia global de alergia alimentaria fue del 0,87 %. La leche de vaca resultó el principal alérgeno incluso en adolescentes.


Introduction: Food allergies affect mostly children in their first years of life. Epidemiological data obtained in Argentina are scarce. Objectives: To determine offending foods and describe the prevalence and characteristics of patients with food allergy in an Argentine pediatric population. Patients and methods: Observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study on patients younger than 18 years. Results:A total of 321 patients were included; food allergy was confirmed in 64 % (207) of cases. An immunoglobulin E-mediated mechanism was observed in 53 % (109); cow's milk protein allergy, in 68 % (140); egg allergy, in 20 % (41); and anaphylaxis as clinical manifestation, in 12 % (24). The overall prevalence of food allergy was 0.87 % (95 % confidence interval: 0.7-0.9). Conclusions: The overall prevalence of food allergy was 0.87 %. Cow's milk was the main allergen, even among adolescents


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Epidemiologic Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Milk Hypersensitivity
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 118(1): 47-51, 2020-02-00. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1095576

ABSTRACT

La amoxicilina es un antibiótico betalactámico comúnmente indicado en pediatría y es la causa más frecuente de alergia a medicamentos.Objetivos. Determinar la proporción de alergia confirmada a amoxicilina en niños con sospecha diagnóstica, atendidos en una sección de alergia pediátrica.Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo entre enero de 2009 y enero de 2017, en menores de 18 años con sospecha diagnóstica de alergia a amoxicilina. Se realizó el diagnóstico según interrogatorio y pruebas específicas.Resultados. Fueron incluidos 234 pacientes; se diagnosticó alergia a la amoxicilina en el 10,7 % (intervalo de confianza del 95 %: 7-15). Estos pacientes tenían mayor prevalencia de síntomas inmediatos (el 40 % vs. el 22 %, p = 0,048) y de exposición previa a betalactámicos (el 84 % vs. el 56 %, p = 0,007).Conclusión. La confirmación de alergia a la amoxicilina en niños derivados a especialistas fue del 10,7 %.


Amoxicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic commonly indicated in pediatrics and the most frequent cause of drug allergies.Objectives. To determine the proportion of confirmed amoxicillin allergy in children with diagnostic suspicion seen at the Division of Pediatric Allergy.Population and methods. This descriptive, retrospective study was done between January 2009 and January 2017 in children younger than 18 years with diagnostic suspicion of amoxicillin allergy. The diagnosis was based on questions and specific tests.Results. A total of 234 patients were included; amoxicillin allergy was diagnosed in 10.7 % (95 % confidence interval: 7-15). These patients had a higher prevalence of immediate symptoms (40 % vs. 22 %, p = 0.048) and prior exposure to beta-lactams (84 % vs. 56 %, p = 0.007).Conclusion. Amoxicillin allergy in children referred to specialists was confirmed in 10.7 %.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Hypersensitivity , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , beta-Lactams , Amoxicillin
3.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(3): 219-223, jun. 2018. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1038424

ABSTRACT

La alergia a la proteína de la leche de vaca (APLV) es la alergia alimentaria más frecuente en pediatría. Existen pocos estudios que han evaluado la prevalencia de esta enfermedad en Argentina. Objetivos. Estimar la prevalencia de la APLV y describir su variación durante un período de 11 años. Pacientes y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo en recién nacidos vivos pertenecientes al programa de atención médica de un hospital universitario de comunidad. Resultados. Se identificaron 116 casos de niños con APLV. La prevalencia acumulada fue de 0,8% (intervalo de confianza -le- 95%: 0,65-0,95). Se observó un incremento porcentual de casos por año, de 0,4% en 2004 a 1,2% en 2014. Conclusión. La prevalencia de APLV fue del 1,2% en 2014, tres veces superior a la prevalencia en 2004.


Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common food allergy in pediatrics. In Argentina, the prevalence of this dis-ease has been evaluated in a few trials.Objectives. To estimate the prevalence of CMPA and describe its variation throughout a period of 11 years.Population and methods. A retrospective cohort study was carried out in live newborn infants enrolled in a health care program of a university community hospital.Results. One hundred and sixteen cases of children with CMPA were identified. Cumulative prevalence was 0.8% (95% confi-dence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.95). A percent increase of 0.4% in 2004 to 1.2% in 2014 was observed in the number of cases per year.Conclusion. In 2014, CMPA prevalence was 1.2%, i.e. three times that of 2004.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn , Prevalence , Breast-Milk Substitutes , Food Hypersensitivity , Milk Proteins/adverse effects
4.
An. bras. dermatol ; 93(1): 76-79, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887142

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Background: In spite of the frequency of chronic urticaria, there are no epidemiological studies on its prevalence in Argentina. Objective: The objective of this study was to define the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of chronic urticaria patients in Buenos Aires. Methods: The population studied were the members of the Italian Hospital Medical Care Program, a prepaid health maintenance organization located in the urban areas around the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. All patients with diagnosis of chronic urticaria members of the Italian Hospital Medical Care Program, and with at least 12 months of follow up were included in the study. All medical records obtained between January 1st, 2012 and December 31, 2014 were analyzed. The prevalence ratio for chronic urticaria per 100,000 population with 95% CI for December 31, 2014 was calculated. The prevalence rate for the entire population and then discriminated for adults and pediatric patients (less than 18 years old at diagnosis) was assessed. Results: 158,926 members were analyzed. A total of 463 cases of chronic urticaria were identified on prevalence date (68 in pediatrics, 395 in adults), yielding a crude point prevalence ratio of 0.29% (CI 95% 0.26-0.31%). The observed prevalence of chronic urticaria in the adult population was 0.34 % (95% CI 0.31-0.38%), while in pediatrics it was 0.15 % (95% CI 0.11-0.20%). Study limitations: the main weakness is that the results were obtained from an HMO and therefore the possibility of selection bias. Conclusions: chronic urticaria is a global condition. Its prevalence in Buenos Aires is comparable with other countries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Urticaria/epidemiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Health Maintenance Organizations/statistics & numerical data , Chronic Disease , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Age Distribution
5.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(4): 331-335, ago. 2017. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887343

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La alergia a la proteína de la leche de vaca es la alergia alimentaria más frecuente en pediatría. El subtipo de las mediadas por inmunoglobulina E (IgE) presenta mayor riesgo de vida y peor pronóstico. Objetivos. Describir la evolución de la alergia a la proteína de la leche de vaca mediada por IgE y los factores de riesgo asociados a la persistencia de la enfermedad. Pacientes y método. Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo en pacientes que consultaron a la sección de Alergia Pediátrica del Hospital Italiano entre junio de 2006 y junio de 2012 con diagnóstico de alergia a la leche de vaca mediada por IgE. Resultados: Se hallaron 72 pacientes con alergia a la leche de vaca mediada por IgE, 39 (54%) de sexo masculino. La edad promedio al momento del diagnóstico fue de 5,19 ± 3,7 meses; los síntomas de presentación más frecuentes fueron urticaria y vómitos. La rinitis y el asma fueron las enfermedades atópicas concomitantes más frecuentemente observadas. En el período de estudio, el 54,5% adquirieron tolerancia a la edad promedio de 32 meses. La presencia de pápulas mayores de 8mm en el prick test y de sensibilización a la caseína se asoció con la persistencia de la enfermedad. Conclusión. El 54,5% de los pacientes desarrolló tolerancia a los 32 meses de vida. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el tamaño de la pápula al momento del diagnóstico y la sensibilización a la caseína con la persistencia de la enfermedad.


Introduction. Cow's milk protein allergy is the most common allergy in pediatrics. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated cow's milk allergy poses a higher risk for life and a worse prognosis. Objectives. To describe the course of IgE-mediated cow's milk protein allergy and risk factors associated with disease persistence. Patients and methods. This was a descriptive, retrospective study conducted in patients seen at the Division of Pediatric Allergy of Hospital Italiano between June 2006 and June 2012 who had been diagnosed with IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy. Results. Out of the 72 patients with IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy, 39 (54%) were boys. Patients' average age at the time of diagnosis was 5.19 ± 3.7 months old; the most common symptoms were urticaria and vomiting. Rhinitis and asthma were the most commonly observed concomitant atopic diseases. In the study period, 54.5% of patients developed tolerance at an average age of 32 months old. An 8-mm papule in the skin prick test and casein sensitization were associated with disease persistence. Conclusion. Overall, 54.5% of patients developed tolerance at 32 months old. A significant association was observed between papule size at the time of diagnosis and casein sensitization and disease persistence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Milk Hypersensitivity/immunology , Argentina , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Immune Tolerance
6.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 114(1): 30-35, feb. 2016. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838162

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La alergia al látex se encuentra dentro de las primeras causas de anafilaxia en el quirófano. La prevalencia de esta enfermedad es más elevada en pacientes con mielomenigocele. Existen escasos datos epidemiológicos en pacientes argentinos. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de la sensibilidad y de la alergia al látex en una población de pacientes con mielomeningocele y describir los factores de riesgo asociados. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, observacional. Se analizaron los antecedentes familiares y personales de alergia, el número de procedimientos quirúrgicos, la historia de síntomas ante el contacto con látex o alimentos con reactividad cruzada, el recuento de eosinófilos, la inmunoglobulina E total y la inmunoglobulina E específica mediante pruebas serológicas y cutáneas para el látex, los aeroalérgenos y las frutas con reactividad cruzada. Resultados: Se evaluaron 82 pacientes con diagnóstico de mielomeningocele, 41 del sexo masculino (50%), con edad promedio de 15,3 ± 7,66 años. Del total de los pacientes, 2 no realizaron las pruebas cutáneas y serológicas. De los 80 restantes, 16 (19,51%) presentaban alergia al látex, 46 (57,5%) no eran alérgicos y 18 (22%) fueron sensibles pero no alérgicos. Se observó que haber tenido más de 5 cirugías representaba un factor de riesgo asociado a alergia al látex (p= 0,035). No se encontró una asociación significativa con el resto de las variables evaluadas. Conclusión: El estudio estima que la prevalencia de alergia al látex en esta población de pacientes es de 19,51% y que el factor de riesgo más importante para el desarrollo de esta patología es el antecedente de haber sido sometido a más de 5 intervenciones.


Introduction: Latex allergy is one of the main reasons of anaphylaxis in the operating room. The prevalence of this condition is higher among patients with myelomeningocele. Epidemiological data obtained from Argentine patients is scarce. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of latex sensitivity and latex allergy in a population of patients with myelomeningocele and to describe associated risk factors. Population and Methods: Descriptive, crosssectional, observational study. Family and personal history of allergy, number of surgeries, history of symptoms caused by having been in contact withlatex or cross-reactive foods, eosinophil count, measurement of total immunoglobulin E and specific immunoglobulin E levels by means of skin and serologic testing for latex, aeroallergens and cross-reactive fruit. Results: Eighty-two patients diagnosed with myelomeningocele were assessed: 41 were males and their average age was 15.3 ? 7.66 years old. Out of all patients, two did not complete skin and serologic testing. Among the remaining 80 patients, 16 (19.51%) had latex allergy, 46 (57.5%) were not allergic, and 18 (22%) showed sensitivity but not allergy. Having undergone more than five surgeries was a risk factor associated with latex allergy (p= 0.035). No significant association was observed with the remaining outcome measures. Conclusion: According to this study, the prevalence of latex allergy in this population of patients is 19.51% and the most important risk factor for this condition is a history of having undergone more than five surgeries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Skin Tests , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Meningomyelocele/complications , Latex Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Latex Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Latex/adverse effects
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